| Butterfly
(hutie) directed by Yan Yan Mak
|
2004 |
Country:
Hong Kong
Runtime: 124'
Director of Photography: Charlie Lam
Script : Chen Xue
Screeplay:
Editing: Stanley Tam e Eric Lan
Cast: Josie Ho, Tian Yuan,Isabel Chan, Eric Kot,
Joman
Production: Lotus Film
Flavia, a Honk Kong thirty-year-old teacher,
is married with a son. She has to choose between her family and
new love. The choice is traumatic for her, since it brings back
a part of herself which belongs to an apparently buried past.
As a matter of fact, Flavia falls in love with a young woman she
casually meets in a supermarket. She totally surrenders to her
and experiences the same intensity of a previous lesbian love
she had when she was an adolescent , during the crucial ‘80s,
when Hong Kong was going through the Chinese political riots.
Meanwhile,, another couple of young women, in today’s Honk Kong,
fights against the persistent prejudices which make their relationship
difficult.
DIRECTOR’S NOTE
Butterfly is about a married schoolteacher
who needs to choose between her family and love affair. On the
one hand, there is her husband and her child, but there is another
woman on the other. A few sub-plots emerge from her life: her
lesbian lover students, her first love as a lesbian in her schooldays,
and her mother's need for love at an older age. This is a love
story about homosexuality. It is also a story about honesty, about
honesty to oneself! At the end of the story, Flavia says: ?I don’t
know. I have been losing things all my life. Now I have also lost
my own child. But I have myself. Perhaps this is the only thing
that I could ever have, and the only thing that I could never
lose?. Times are changing and our society has accepted homosexuality
as it is. However, in Hong Kong cinema, homosexuality is still
being treated as a gimmick. As a gay film in a Chinese society,
there is a need for us to let different voices have the opportunity
to express themselves. Although this story is told from the viewpoint
of a woman, it shows the multiplicity of identity and the story
itself, just like the smell of tealeaves slowly spreading from
boiling water. This story has nothing to do with femininity. It
is about the care and concern for the correct attitude against
one another.?You're not a butterfly if you can't fly!?.
Swaddled
identities
by Marco Ceresa
“I am a lesbian”, communicates resolutely the
protagonist of Hudie to the sorrowful (though not much surprised)
husband. Honk Kong cinema of last decade, both mainstream and
the New Queer Cinema, has already shown several lesbians, from
the nostalgic to the soft-core kind (one is from China, Fish and
Elephant by Yu, in Venice in 2001), however this is the first
time that lesbian identity is given such a clear and at the same
time calm voice. With Hudie we are far-off from the soft colonial
homesickness of The Intimates (Zhishu) by Jacob Cheung (HK, 1997),
where homoerotism is sublimated in the mutual act of combing.
We are far from the proto-lesbian soft-core of Intimate Confessions
of a Chinese
Courtesan (Ai Nu, 1972), by Chu Yuan (Chor Yuen). We are far from
the social marginality of the protagonists of Ho Yuk: Let's Love
Hong Kong (Yau Ching, HK, 2002), the first Hong Kong lesbian feature
film directedby a woman. We are also far from the convenient postulate
of a traditional Chinese bisexuality, which seems to have been
caged either into
homosexuality or heterosexuality by western cultural colonization
(see the persistence of the exchange of roles and the en travesti
comedy very frequent in Hong Kong cinema, for example Wu Yen,
2001, by Johnnie To and Wai Kai-fai). Hudie is about coming out,
that is the public assertion of one’s sexual identity, not about
becoming aware of it. The protagonists of Hudie are Chinese women
(rather generations of women: the teacher, the
students) who love other women, without great uncertainties or
any bigger or more painful problems than those which must be faced
in similar circumstances by women of various non-Chinese cultures.
In Yan Yan’s contemporary view there is no hint to the weight
of tradition, patriarchal society, foot swaddling (more or less
metaphoric), the role of the woman in Confucian society, or any
of the other outdated parameters which are normally used to understand
a quickly developing society as is the Chinese one. Her protagonists
move in space which is no more “Chinese” than any middle-class
environment of any industrialized society; men, fathers and husbands,
are not more domineering or abusing than any other man in any
advanced society; Chinese “traditional” family is anything but
strict and close-knit, rather they do not hesitate to accuse each
other of unfaithfulness. As usual Yan Yan Mak purifies her subject
of any oriental or exotic feeling, remindful of “red lanterns”
or “farewell my concubine” and concentrates on love relationships,
on bodies and desires, and their expression. Whereas the previous
lesbian films used to play with metaphors and fading (and a certain
titillation of male fantasies), Yan Yan Mak shows (crudely reminding
of home video) and particularly she says, or makes someone say.
The
reiterate expression of the desire and love between tw women (I
love you, I can’t live without you), break the silence around
lesbian relationships, non more invisible or subject of erotic
male literature: melodrama becomes a political act. However, the
very coming out, the chrysalis becoming a butterfly, takes on
other metaphoric connotation. With respect to China, representing
homologation, orthodoxy, the one model, that is eteronormative
ideology, Honk Kong is the other, minority, queerness. That is
a vast queerscape, as Gordon Brent Ingram says. Even after the
“necessary marriage”, represented by the handover, Hong Kong maintains
its own identity, a secret soul, a need/temptation to break chrysalis
and bloom out (again). The protagonist’s earlier relationship
happened Tian’anmen riots, when Honk Kong was not yet united to
the motherland”, though the risk was apparent on the televisions
all over the world. Jin, the lover, is already out, involved in
politics, a goer, restless, far too much ahead for her times,
certainly too ahead with respect to Flavia. The tacks entering
Tian’anmen Square destroy Jin’s illusion, while Flavia yields
to the family’s pressure. Handover. Marriage. A daughter. A comfortable
middle-class life in post handover Honk Kong, where unchanged
affluence gives the illusion that nothing has changed. A feeling
of guilt for leaving the lover (who has become a Buddhist nun:
it is still melò, it is still Hong Kong!), hands being washed
continuously (the most frequent gesture in the film). When passion
comes back, through a determined, seductive and disenchanted young
woman, it is a mature passion, involving painful though necessary
and conscious choices. Gege (Brother) was the unsuccessful quest
of the missing elder brother, of a mute, elusive and selfish China,
of a lost identity Hudie is about the end of the quest, the arrival,
about acquired, asserted identity. Sexual identity, for the time
being. Maybe political or national identity in the future.
Thanks to Mostra
del Cinema di Venezia
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